Basic Definition

Universal declaration of human rights refers that right inherent to all human beings, whatever our nationality, place of residence, sex, national or ethic origin, color, religion, language or any other kind of status. We are all equally entitled to our human rights without discriminations. These rights are all interrelated, interdependent and indivisible.

Substantive rights

1. Right to life

2. Right to a fair trial

3. Freedom from torture

4. Freedom from slavery

5. Freedom of speech

6. Freedom of thought, conscience and religion

7. Freedom of movement

Introduction

• The present age is described as the "age of rights" and human rights as the "only political moral idea that has received universal acceptance.“
• The codification of international law relating to human rights ranks as some of the most noteworthy achievements of man in the twentieth century. Founded on the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR),
• Human rights law is now an indispensable part of the international landscape.
• Human rights do not, of course, negate the sovereignty of states, although they constrain it in important ways. International law does not replace national law; rather, international law instructs sovereign states on internationally accepted human rights and, for the most part, leaves it to states to implement those norms domestically.

The Concept of human rights

• Human dignity
• Universality
• Inalienability
• Indivisibility

EVOLUTION

• The International Labour Organization (1919) aim: oversee treaties protecting workers
• The League of Nations (1919) aim: international peace and cooperation

• The United Nations (1945) aim: cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, human rights

Prophet:

The last sermon of the holy prophet (PBUH) is undoubtedly the first and foremost declaration of human rights, given to mankind 1400 years ago. Khutba Hajja-tul-Wida is one of the most important occasions in the history of Islam. The holy prophet clearly negated all kinds of human discriminations on

the basis of cast, creed, tribe etc.

He said: "O' people, Allah has created you from one male and one female and made you into tribes and nations, so as to be known to one another. There is no superiority for an Arab over a non-Arab, nor for the white over the black nor for the black over the white except in God consciousness."

CLASSIFICATION

• Civil Rights
• Political Rights
• Economic Rights
• Social Rights
• Cultural Rights

Civil rights

Civil rights include ensuring people's physical integrity and safety. Protection from discrimination on grounds such as physical or mental disability, gender, religion, race, national origin, age, status as a member of the uniformed services, sexual orientation, or gender identity.

Individual rights such as privacy, the freedoms of thought and conscience, speech and expression, religion, the press, and movement.

Political rights

Political rights include natural justice (procedural fairness) in law, such as the rights of the accused,

The right to a fair trial; due process; the right to seek redress or a legal remedy. Rights of participation in civil society and politics such as freedom of association.

The right to assemble, the right to petition.

The right to self-defense, and the right to vote.

Socio-Economic human rights

Economic, social, and cultural rights are socio-economic human rights, such as the right to education, the right to housing, the right to an adequate standard of living, and the right to health.

Economic, social, and cultural rights are recognized and protected in international and

regional human rights instruments. Member states have a legal obligation to respect,

protect and fulfill economic, social, and cultural rights and are expected to take "progressive action" towards their fulfillment.

The Human Rights Situation in Pakistan

• Over the years the general rule of basic civilized law and human rights has broken down and alarmingly diminished in Pakistan. Humanitarian crime is on the increase especially against the vulnerable, the poor, the women, and children. All these crimes have reached epidemic proportions.
• Sectarian violence, Religious crime.
• Domestic violence.
• Child Abuse, Rape & Gang Rape.
• Acid & Chemical Attacks.
• Illegal village Courts and trials,
• Honor killings.
• Bonded Slave labor and the sale of women and children. Illegal detentions and abuse of police powers.
• Extra-Judicial Killings.
• Disappearances of persons taken into custody by law
• enforcement agencies.
• There are over 1 million bonded slaves in Pakistan.
• There were... More than 10,000 honor killings in 2009 alone were known
• as "kahroh kari".
• In 2009 more than 2000 brides were burned to death (reported
• figures only).
• On average 12 women were murdered every day by their husbands. More than 1000 acid attacks on women. (reported figures only)
• Somewhere in Pakistan a woman, man, or child was raped every 10 minutes.
• 100's of children were sold off as sex slaves every day
• 1000's girls sold off to criminals,
• Over 20,000 people were killed in a sectarian crime

FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS

The following Articles are covered in great detail. These are your Rights and supported

by the Constitution of Pakistan.

Article 8. Laws are inconsistent with or in derogation of fundamental rights to be void.

Article 9. Security of person. No person shall be deprived of life or liberty save in accordance with law

Article 10. Safeguards as to arrest and detention

Article 10A. Right to a fair trial: For the determination of his civil rights and obligations or in any criminal charge against him a person shall be entitled to a fair trial and due process.

Article 11. Slavery, forced labor, etc. prohibited.

Article 12. Protection against retrospective punishment.

Article 13. Protection against double punishment and self-incrimination.

Article 14. Inviolability of dignity of man, etc.

Article 15. Freedom of movement, etc.

Article 16. Freedom of assembly.

Article 17. Freedom of association: Article 18. Freedom of trade, business or profession.

Article 19. Freedom of speech, etc. Every citizen shall have the right to freedom of speech and expression, and there shall be freedom of the press, subject to any reasonable restrictions imposed by law in the interest of the glory of Islam or the integrity, security or defense of Pakistan or any part thereof, friendly relations with foreign States, public order, decency or morality, or in relation to contempt of court [commission of] or incitement to an offense.

Article 19A. Right to information: Every citizen shall have the right to have access to

information in all matters of public importance subject to regulation and reasonable restrictions imposed by law.

Article 20. Freedom to profess religion and to manage religious institutions,

Article 21. Safeguard against taxation for purposes of any particular religion.

Article 22. Safeguards as to educational institutions in respect of religion, etc.

Article 23. Provision as to property. Every citizen shall have the right to acquire, hold and dispose of the property in any part of Pakistan, subject to the Constitution and any reasonable restrictions imposed by law in the public interest.

Article 24. Protection of property rights.

Article 25. Equality of citizens.

Article 26. Non-discrimination in respect of access to public places.

Article 27. Safeguard against discrimination in services.

Article 28. Preservation of language, script, and culture.