The sea is chock full of fascianting creatures, and here are some you may have never seen before!
1. Sea Cucumbers
Don’t be fooled by its name, this squishy creature is no vegetable! The sea cucumber, or Holothuroide,, is an undersea echinoderm, similar to sea urchins and starfish. Inhabiting both shallow and deep waters, they often stick to the seafloor, sometimes remaining partially buried until they venture out to feed. Sea cucumbers are omnivores, feeding on small bits of remaining meals, algae and microorganisms.
Fun Fact: They can shoot a sticky web-like substance when threatened to ensnare their enemies.
2. Vampire Squid
Unlike its name suggests, this cephalopod is not a blood sucker, but named instead for its brilliant color and ominous glowing eyes. They dwell in depths as deep as 1,200 meters, where both oxygen and light are minimum. Vampyroteuthis infernalis are the only member of their kind that does not actively hunt and kills meals, instead the squid feeds on "marine snow" which is a mix of dead plankton and other fish debris. If frightened, the vampire squid turns itself inside out to reveal a layer of thorny spines lining the inner tentacles.
Fun Fact: The vampire squid does not ink like its cousins, but instead releases a cloud of glowing mucus to aid in escapes.
3. Nudibranch
Perhaps the most widely diverse animals on Earth, these relatives of the sea slug range from pink and stringy to purple and yellow polka dotted (and virtually every color known to man). There are over 3000 known subspecies of Nudibranch, with new varieties being discovered all the time! Each slug is supremely adapted to their environment and gains its coloring based on the coral or sponge it consumes to camouflage itself from predators.
4. Yeti Crab
Recently discovered in 2005, the yeti crab has only been seen in the South Pacific Ocean at depths of 2000 meters, only reachable by submarine. Named after the illusive yeti, this little crab has long feathery pinchers that some believe are used to filter out toxins in the surrounding water or perhaps collect a snack for later.
5. Dumbo Octopus
Named after the beloved Disney character Dumbo, the Grimpoteuthis spp. has large, ear-like fins that aid in its ability to float with grace and integrity. This particular octopus is the only one of its kind to survive at depths of 3,000 to 4,000 meters where light and oxygen are practically nonexistent.
6. Moon Fish
According to researchers, this warm-blooded fish is the first of its kind, being able to maintain a body temperature warmer than the surrounding waters. These fish are almost perfectly round, and range from a bright vermillion to a silver, depending on their maturity and habitat. The moonfish, or opah, are mostly solitary swimmers, but can sometimes be spotted mingling with schools of tuna, perhaps for protection from sharks or other hungry predators.