Ever wondered what nonprofessional scientists and NASA have in common? Well, thanks to a collaboration between NASA and Stony Brook University, citizen scientists, a team of volunteered nonprofessional scientists, will lend a hand through the use of a new, interactive, and user-friendly website that tracks Antarctic penguin populations and provides information to scientists. The tool, known as the Mapping Application for Penguin Populations and Projected Dynamics (MAPPPD), is the first of its kind to give citizen scientists a lens into the world of scientists working to understand how environmental change, fishin, and tourism may be affecting Antarctica’s iconic birds.
“The launch of this website has the potential to greatly improve management and collaboration around the Antarctic,” said Heather Lynch, Associate Professor of Ecology and Evolution at Stony Brook University, who led the project. “MAPPPD contains data for approximately 1,300 historical and current surveys in over 700 sites around the Antarctic continent. These data come primarily from published literature, though population estimates based on satellite imagery are also used by researchers and represent a growing component of MAPPPD’s utility.”
Lynch, along with Mathew Schwaller of NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, teamed up with Washington, DC-based NGO Oceanites, Inc., to create the website, which helps scientists and policy makers make conservation decisions regarding the Antarctic environment.
Antarctica is a challenging place to work, and penguin researchers have struggled to track populations of penguins breeding in Antarctica’s most remote areas. But recent developments in using satellite imagery from NASA and other sources have paved the way for a more complete understanding of where penguins breed and how their populations might be changing.
While the satellite imagery cannot detect the penguins themselves, it can detect the large guano stains the penguins produce while incubating their nests. Lynch and her team will be able to use the imagery to locate new colonies of penguins that no one knew existed, some of which are among the largest in the world.
The website also allows anyone to query all publicly available penguin census data. Anyone using the site can also access the latest modeled population estimates for Adélie penguins around the Antarctic continent, as well as the probability of presence and breeding for all other avian species on the Antarctic Peninsula.
Lynch also explained that researchers with data to contribute to MAPPPD have a variety of options, as do keen-eyed tourists who, in the summer months, actually outnumber scientists in the region and can contribute important information through bird checklists and photographs.
In addition, MAPPPD’s utility as a data hub for Antarctic penguin biologists will develop further as new datasets are uncovered and can be integrated into population models that both describe past trends and predict possible future trends.
The user friendly interface includes a number of informative outputs that are immediately available for environmental impact assessments and/or scientific reports. The website also contains fact sheets on different penguin species for which count data are available, links to relevant publications, and information about how users can contribute their own data.
